The concept of "maximalism" in the literary studies of Yevhen Sverstyuk and Ivan Dziuba

Abstract

Subject of this article is the concept of “maximalism” in the critical works of the Sixtiers, particularly focusing on Yevhen Sverstiuk and Ivan Dziuba. So far, there have been no studies addressing the reception of maximalism by Sixtier critics or its place in their journalistic and scholarly discourse, making this investigation a pioneering effort and thus highly relevant. Furthermore, this article could lay the groundwork for further examination of Sixtier language within the framework of post-colonial theory, as it touches upon the issue of imperial influence on individual identity.

The aim of this research is to determine the frequency of the usage of the maximalism concept among Sixtier critics, evaluate its position and role within the ideological language of the empire, and discern any shifts in interpretation from established norms. The following conclusions have been drawn: 1. In the theoretical constructs of Sixtier critics, the concept of “maximalism” emerges as highly productive, consonant with the prevailing ideological discourse of the time. Several works of literary critics were dedicated to the issue of moral maximalism, with Ivan Dziuba employing the concept with notable frequency (appearing in roughly every fourth article within the trilogy “From the Well of Years”). 2. Sixtier critics were aware of the stereotypical nature of this concept and its frequent usage in contemporary periodicals and critical literature. They imbued it with their own nuanced meanings, which opposed the prevalent uncritical usage within Soviet public discourse. 3. Moreover, maximalism emerges as a fundamental aspect of the moral consciousness of the Sixtiers, embodying ideals of moral absolutism, particularly within Kantian philosophy. They emphasized the necessity of fostering individuals of high moral standing, primarily demanding of themselves, capable of self-sacrifice in the name of moral rectitude, civic duty, attention attention to the oppressed, and the belief in the intellectual’s ability to change the world. They vehemently opposed the ideas of moral relativism that were deemed unacceptable and antithetical to moral absolutism. There exists a distinct divergence in the declared sources of morality, with Ye. Sverstiuk emphasizing Christian sources, while Ivan Dziuba’s sources differ, leaning towards socio-philosophical sources.

This study can serve as a foundation for further research into moral issues in the works and criticism of the Sixtiers.