UTOPIA IN FANTASTIC LITERATURE AS ELEMENT OF HISTORIOSOPHICAL CONCEPTOSPHERE (BASED ON SAGA “THE WITCHER” BY A. SAPKOWSKI)

Abstract

The proposed article analyses the elements of utopia in A. Sapkowski’s saga «The Witcher» («Wiedźmin», 1986–2013) as part of the historiosophical conceptosphere in fantasy literature. In this article utopia is viewed as a prognostic-philosophical prediction of a science-fiction writer, which occurs through the modeling of the ways of the development of society based on the comprehension of the experience
of human history, the synthesis of existing cultural and philosophical concepts. A characteristic feature of modern utopia is that models of the world and society based on real historical events and phenomena and it is a paradigm of solutions to universal problems (classical European utopia). However, «through the modern one can see the ancient», so in modern fiction texts there are also ancient philosophical reflections of Hesiod and Plato on the «golden age» of mankind under the rule of the Gods. As part of the conceptosphere of historiosophy, utopia serves as a discourse about the future of humanity — a reference point for the individual and society as a whole. By the way of creating the ideal models of the future, humanity looking for ways to rise to the highest stage of evolution. However, the author warns about the deceptiveness of utopia, which could mis-realized by reducing ideals and creating an illusion of development, as demonstrated in the text. The path to a true utopia, as the ideal way for the existence of people, lies through the realization of good and evil in oneself, through the victory over evil in oneself and in the world. Fr A. Sapkowsky, utopia is an integral part of the historiosophical conceptosphere development: which exist at many levels (personal, national, universal), it correlates with the «eternal» concepts of happiness, freedom and meaning of being.